SO2 is a natural byproduct of fermentation but occurs in very small amounts. Adding 50 ppm SO2 in the form of sulfur metabisulfite at the bottling stage blocks the Maillard reaction between amino acids and sugars & limits the development of flavors associated with the pasteurization process. This ensures that desirable fermentiion yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or S. uvarum can effect the conversion of sugars to alcohol.
If you are a DYI cider maker, note that the amount of preservative needed is pH dependent. A pH range of 3.0-3.3 needs 50ppm; pH 3.3-3.5 needs 100; and 3.5-3.8 needs 150. You may find our pH3-6 test strips useful for this process. If you have made your metabisulfite solution from scratch, our calibrated medicine droppers may also help in this process.
For more information, read: Sulphur Dioxide - the Cidermaker's Friend
Various heath organizations have set 10ppm as the lower limit for people with asthma & other health concerns. If the test strip does not change color, you can assume that the sulfite level is low enough to be considered safe for consumption. Read more in our blog on what the 10ppm level really means.
For those interested in the chemistry of how these strips work, please refer to this pdf which explains the theory of how free sulfite is detected.
This Indigo® test strip indicates the presence of sulfite ion in increments of 10, 50, 100, 250, and 500ppm after 15 seconds.
Test Strip Documentation |
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Stability Statement | Certificate of Analysis | SDS | ||
Test strips worked as described, including the red wine citric acid method. I first did some comparisons using sulfites in water. Dipping the strips and the citric acid method gave the same result, albeit a little lower than expected. Solution was mixed to 100 ppm and both strips showed about 75. Used a similar technique on red wine, although dipping does not work. Wine with no sulfites showed zero. Added and got similar readings to the water results. Thanks for the great product and the citric acid trick.
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Thanks for letting us know. This might interest you since you are in quality control: Can 10ppm of Sulfite & Quat Really Mean Zero?